Recuperator structure for furnaces



w. A. Mom-ON RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE FOR FURNCES Filed Oct. 9, 1922, ssheets-sheet 1 li/raton In www.

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w. A. MORTON RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE Fon FURNAcEs Filed Oct. 9, 1922 ,I5Sheets-Sheet 2 a1 Q/ \//./U////U/// W. A. MORTON RECUPERATOR STRUCTUREFR FURNACES Filed oct. 9," 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 June 1 1926.

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45,which serve the four-:told .purpose of Patented June 1, 192.6.

vUNITED STATI-:s

PATENT OFFICE.

` WILLIAM A. Mon'roN,

monroN COMPANY, snvama RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE FOR FURNACES.

Application iled October 9, 1922. Serial No. 593,195.

My invention consists in new and useful improvements in the structure ofrecuperative furnaces; and also in the tiles or structural elementswhich are used in the construction of the same.

In such furnaces, as now constructed, the

waste or heating gas passages in the recu- 1 perator are horizontal, andare formed or defined by means of horizontally disposed elements ortile.

These elements expand when heated, and, as they cool, theirjoints open,permitting the preheated air to be drawn into the chimney `instead ofbeing led to the furnace, and also permitting the waste gases to leakinto the air passages and to be returned to the furnace.

Furthermore the horizontally disposed elements are distortedby the heat,and are unable, as the cool, to resume their proper alinement, t uscausing further leakage.

I have invented a new and improved recuperator structure wherein the airand waste gas passages are all vertical. More over such passages areformed by vertically disposed refractory elements or tile whichinterlock together, the weight of the superimposed elements insuringsealed joints at all times, whether theelements are heated or arecooled.

Thus, material leakage is impossible, and there can be no es cape of theair into the waste gasI flues nor of the waste vgases into the airilues.

For use in my improved recu have invented new and improve ments or tileadapted to be assembled in vertically disposed stacks by interposedtlange elements 4or tile, thus forming the vertical air 'lues.

t 35 erator, I

I have also invented new and improved interlocking ange elements or tilewhich are interposed in interlocking relation between the ends of thevertically alined flue tile, and

supporting the air flues in place; formin selfsealing andself-maintaining joints in e air lues; properly spacing the air iuesapart to form the intervening iues for the wastegases,

and bracing the air flue tile so that they.

the chamber B somewhat below the top of at all times maintain theirproper positions and alinement. I have also devisednew and improvedeleflue elements or tile which form the top and bottom of the air flues,and which also form the 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 THEAMSLER- 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- top andbottom closures of the flues for the f waste gases, thus preventing theadmission j of the latter to the air flues, such tile also serving tosupport and brace the ends of the air flues in properv positions andalinement.

Other novel features of construction and arrangement of parts willappear from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings which are, however, merely intended to beillustrative of the principles `of my invention without limiting thescope of the latter to the construction shown, Fig. l isa section, takenalong the line I-I in Fig. 2, showing a recuperative furnace whichembodies the principles of my invention, the furnace rchamber beingshown only in part; Fig. 9. is an irregular section of the4 saine, takenalong the lines II-II and III-III in Fig; l; Fig. 3 is an enlargeddetail view in plan showing four air fines, the'top tile and the top airflue tile being removed to show the flange tile; Fig. 4 is a similarview showing the top of said air dues with the top tile in place; Fig. 5is a vertical section, taken along the line V-V in Fig. 4;, showing theassemblage of the various'characters of tile to form the lines; Fig. 6is an enlarged perspective showing one of the flange tile; Fig. 7 is anenlarged perspective showing one of the tile Whlch is used for either abase or a top tile; Fig.'8 is an enlarged perspective of the air fluetile, and Fig. 9 a modified form of Harige tile.

The following'is a detailed description of the drawings, reference beingirst had to Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive The general construction of thefurnace as shown, and which forms no part of my present invention, is ofa well known type comprising the furnace proper or heatingchamber Ahaving a'hearth 1, in the rear of which is the recuperator chamber B inwhich the air is heated by means of the waste gases from vthe furnace,said gases being shown as led rearwardly under the hearth through thehorizontal Hue 2; which flue connects at its rear end through the'portor ports 3 with the latter.

is a plan view showing The upper end of the chamberB is confn Y vmoremay be Hue tile,

nected by the port or ports 4 with the combustion chamber C whence theheating Hames pass into the top of the furnace chamber A through theport 0r ports 5.

The combustion chamber C may be'supplied with producer gas through thevertical passage 6, or with oil or other Huid fuels through the burnerports 7 in the upper portion of the chamber. p

The bottom of the recuperator chamber B,` is provided with a series ofparallel and spaced apart partitions 8 which form between them the airinlet passages 9 connected at one side of the chamber B with the airmanifold D, and which partitions support the Hue structure of therecuperator. 9:l shows individual sliding dampers for the air passages9.

Above the tops of the partitions 8 the rear wall of the chamber isprovided with the port or ports 10 which connect with the chimney Hue Efor the escape of the waste gases vhich travel downwardly through thecham- My improved recuperator or Hue structure provides vertical airHues, through which the air passes upwardly; and, surrounding the airHues, vertical gas Hues through which the waste gases pass, both air andgases traveling vertically through the recuperator.

.I provide a novel and advantageous Hue structure which is of thefollowing cha-racter.

F represents the vertically disposed air Hue tile, which are shownprovided with internal longitudinal partitions l1 dividing the interiorof the tile into two or more sub- Hues. I have shown but one internalpartition, but it will be understood that' two or provided, or the Huetile may be without partitions, if thought preferable. The ends of thepartitions extend somewhat beyond the extremities of the tile, for apurpose to be described.

I have shown the tile of substantially rectangular cross section, but itwill be understood that the same may be of cylindrical or othercross-sectional shape, if desired.

The ends of the vertically alined tile F are inserted into the Hangetile G whose referred form is illustrated in Fig. 6. laid Hange tilehave their internal 'bore of proper contour and dimensions to receivethe upper and lower ends of the adjacent Hue tile, a shoulder 12,intermediate of the boreof the flange tile, supporting the upper Huetile and resting upon the lower Hue tile. The flange tile. thereforeconnect and interlock the Hue tile together, the shoulders 12 beinginterposedl between the ends of the alined andthe internal bore oftheshoulder, being substantially the same as that of the Hue tile. Theprotrusion of the partitions 11 from the ends of the Huetile is vided-with 'a sullcient to cause ends of the partitions of two verticallyalined Hue tile to abut, thus continuing the sub-Hues through the Hangetile. The insert-ion of the ends of the Hue tile F into the bore oftheflange tile G prevents lleakage at the ends of the Hue tile, and, alsoin Case the flue tile become cracked or broken, the fragments are heldin place, maintaining the Hue structure.,

The perimeters of the Hange tile G are provided with horizontallydisposed lugs 13,'the lugs of each Hange tile abutting and bearingagainst ythe lugs of the adjacent lflange tile, thus bracing the airHues against lateral movement and spacing them apart to form, betweenthe air Hues, and surrounding the same, vertical Hues for the passage ofthe waste gases.

In Fig. 9 I show Ia modified form of Hange tile G. which have but onespacing and bracing lug 13a on each side, the same being centrallydisposed.

Each stack of vertically alined and interlocked Hue tile is supported bone of the tile H, shown in Fig. 7, whic tile H are also used, ininverted position, as the top tile of the stacks.

The tile H are provided with a differential bore, the larger bore 14being of sufficient sizve and proper dimension so that the end of theHue tile F may be inserted therein, the degree of insertion beinglimited by the internal shoulder 15 in the bore ofthe tile H. The bodiesof the tile H are solid and their perimetral contour preferablyrectangular, so as to Ht together to fill and close the spaces betweenthe air Hues.

In constructing the recuperator, a Hoor composed of the tile H, withtheir larger bores uppermost, is built over and supported by thepartitions 8, and the lowermost Hue tile of the air Hues are stepped insaid bores, being supported by the shoulders 15. The abutting edges ofthe tile H are provtongue-andegroove engagement as shown at 16 and 17 inFig. 7, so as to form a tight Hoor for the lrecuperator about the airHues. Said tile H are also mounted on top of the air Hues above thelevel of theI Waste gas ports 3, the larger bores 14 of the tile H beingin this case below and fitting over the Hue tile F, the shoulders 15 oft-he -tile H supporting the latteron the top of the air Hues, and theabutting edges of the tile H interlocking to form a tight Hoor` for therecuperator about the tops of the air Hues.

.It is apparent -trom the foregoing that the wastel gases will pass fromthe furnace chamber through the ports 3 into the interior vof therecuperator chamber B, below the level of the Hoor formed by the toptile H, and will pass downwardly, through the waste gas Hues surroundingthe air Hues, to the Hoor formed by the bottom tile H,

thence passing through the ports to the chimney Hue E.

Likewise, it is apparent that the air will enter from the manifold Dinto the air passages 9, and thence pass into the vertical air Hues, andat the top of the same through' the ports 4 into the combustion chamberC, the air being thoroughly heated during its passage through the airHues.

It is quite evident that the expansion of the tile, under the `inHuenceof the hot gases will not open the joints between the air Hue tile andthe Hange tile, or between the air Huetile and the top and bottom tileH, and it is likewise apparent that the contraction of the tile will notresult in opening said disposed air Hues,

joints, as the interlocked elements will automatically take up'changesdue to their expansion and contraction without leakage, and the jointswill remain automatically sealed. 'lhe weight of the recuperatorstructure acts to automatically take up ex' pansion and contraction.

IVhile it is usual to make the elements or tile of refractory clays, itis uitje evident thatsteel or cast-iron, or any ot er material able towithstand the heat without rupturey may be used. j

In assembling :the elements-ofthe recuperator, the endsotthe Hue tileare lightly buttered witha-jcl'a mortar orv other cemen-i titioussubstanceii; i

Although; for the salte of clearness in illustratingf.- the principles1.0i?.` invention, I have describedfind" y lfth'e embodiment of the sameshown'fin the drawings, I do not limit myself th'ereby,p'f. vbut claiml. In a recuperator structure for furnaces, the combination ofajplurality ofvertically each Hue being composed o a pluralityofvertically disposed Hue tile vin superim osed relation', and horizon'tally disposed ange tile interposed between adjacent alined Hue tilefandsocketed above and below to receivev the lends of the Hue tile, and saidHange tile beingprovided with integral lateral projections, theprojections of adjacent Hange-tile being" in engagement to brace theassociated airV Hues against 1a" t'y plurality of vertically disposedair Hues, each Hue being composed of a plurality of vertically disposedHue tile 1n superimposed relation, and horizontally disposed Hange tileinterposed between adjacent alined flue tile and socketed above andbelow to receive the ends of the Hue tile, and said Hange tile beingprovided with lateral corner projections which contact with simiiarprojections on adjacent Hange tile thereby bracing the air Hues againstlateral displacement and 'providing passages between the adjacent- Hangetile for the passage of waste gases.

4. Flange tile for use in assembling vertically disposed Hue tile toform a recuperator structure,y having internal bores into which the endsof adjacent Hue tiles are inserted, said bores having internal shoulderswhich are interposed between the ends of the Huel` tile, and said Hangetile being provided with integral projections at the corners to Contactwith similar projections of adjacent Hue tile whereby the Hues are heldagainst lateral displacement and vertical passages are lformed betweenadjacent air Hues for the passage of the waste gases.

5.` For use in connecting the ends of vertically alined Hue tile to forma Hue, horizontal Hange tile having a bore adapted to receive the endsof the Hue tile and provided "with integral external projections at itscor `ners adapted to engage the similar projections of the Hange tile ofadjacent Hues to maintain the Hues in proper spaced relation.

6. For use in connecting the ends of vertically alined Hue tile to forma Hue, Hange tile having'a bore adapted to receive the ends of the Huetile and said bore being provided intermediate of its ends with aninternal shoulder which is interposed between "the ends of the Hue tile,and said Hange `tile lbeing also-provided with integral externalprojections at its corners adapted to engage the similar projections ofthe Hange tile of adjacent Hues to maintain the Hues in spaced relation.

7. The combination of a pair oi' alined Hue tile to be connectedtogether to form a Hue, al Hange tile interposed' between said Hue tileand having a bore in which the adjacent ends of said Hue tile areinserted,

said bore being provided intermediate of its ends with an internalshoulder which is interposed between the ends of the'Hue tile,

and said Hue tile beingprovided with longil tudinall)7 disposedpartitions to form a plurality of Hue passages, said partitions beingextended beyond the end of the Hue tile so as to abut together tocontinue the Hue passages through the Hange tile.

8. An end tile, for use in forming the end of a recuperator composed ofvertically disposed air Hues formed of Hue tile, said end rovided with adifferential bore,

tile being iameter of whleh receives the end the larger edges ofadjacent end tile to 0f the Hue tile while the shoulder interposedbetween the bores bearsy against the ends of the Hue tile.

9.. An end tile, for use'in forming the end of a recuperator composed of vertically disposed air Hues formed of Hue tile, said end tile beingprovided with a differential bore, the larger diameter of which receivesthe end of the Hue tile while thejshoulder interposed between Ythe boresbears against the end of the Hue tile, and the perimetral edges of theend tile being formed to engage the form a closure between the air Hues.l

10. An end tile for use informing the end of a recuperator structure andprovided with a central opening to receive the end of the Hue tile, andthe perimeter of said "end tile being provided with means ,for

forming a tongue kand groove engagement with adjacent end tile.

11. An end tile for use in forming the end of a recuperator structureand provided with 'a central opening to receive the end of the Hue tile,said opening being also provided with a'n internal shoulder whichengages the end of the Hue tile, the perimeter of said end tile beingprovided with meansv for forming a tongue and adjacent end tiie.

12. A recuperator structure for furnaces comprising a chamber, a pair ofclosures spaced apart in said chamber, said closures being comprised ofend tile having abutting perimetral edges, and said end tiles beingprovided with openings having internal shoulders, air-flues extendingbetween said closures and being comprised of Hue tile assembled inalinement, the extremities of the Hue tile forming the ends of. theair-Hues being inserted i into said openings against said shoulders..Hange tile interposed between alined Hue tile to connect the sametogether, and means carried by-said -Hange tile for holding saidair-Hues in proper alinement. y

13. A recuperator structure for furnaces comprising a chamber, a pair ofclosures spaced apart in said chamber, said closures groove engagementwith being composed of end tile having abutting` perimetral edges, andsaid end tiles being provided with openings having internal shoulders,air-Hues extending between said closures and being comprised of Hue tileassembled in alinement, the extremities of the Hue tile forming the endsof the air-Hues being inserted into said openings against saidshoulders, Hange tile interposed between alined Hue tile to connect thesame together, and lateral projections on said Hange tile adapted tointerengage to hold the air-Hues in proper alinement.

14. A Hue tile for the purpose described having an internal longitudinalpartition which protrudes from the ends of the Hue tile so that whensaid Hue tiles are assembled with interposed Hange tile, the ends of thepartitions of adjacent Hue tile impinge against each other, for thepurpose described.

15. For use in connection with the Hue tile for the purpose described, aHange tile having a socketed bore adapted to receiveand engage the endof the Hue tile, and having its perimetral edges adapted to interlockwith those of adjacenty Hange tile to form a gas tight Hoor between theadjacent Hues.

16. For use in connection with the Hue tile for the purpose-described,a' Hange tile having a bore into which the Hue tile are inserted andsaid bore being provided with an internal shouldera ainst which the Huetile bear, said Hange ti e having its perimetral edges formed tointerlock with those of adjacent Hange tile to form a gas tight floorbetween the adjacent Hues.

17. A recuperator comprising a chamber enclosed in vertical walls, aplurality of pipes extending longitudinally through the chamber andcomprised of relatively short sections of hollow tile, transverselydisposed centrally apertured blocks interposed be# tween` ends of eachsection having recesses spacing means on some of the blocks for holdingthem in position and providing intervening openings to allow gases tocirculate between the blocks. l

18. A recuperator comprising a chamber enclosed in verticall walls, aplurality of pipes extending longitudinally through the chamber andcomprised of relatively short sections of hollow tile, blocks interposedbetween ends of each section having openings therethrough in alinementwith the openings through the hollow tiles, said blocks serving to keepthe pipe sections spaced on all sides from one another, and means onsome of the blocks providing passageways for allowing gases to circulatelongitudinally through the chamber around the pipes and between theblocks.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa. this 23rd day of Sept 1922.

WILLIAM MORTON.

